Congenital nevus - I-Congenital Nevushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_melanocytic_nevus
I-I-Congenital Nevus (Congenital nevus) uhlobo lwe-melanocytic nevus olutholakala esikhunjini kusukela ekuzalweni. Lolu hlobo lophawu lokuzalwa lutholakala ku-1 % yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa emhlabeni jikelele.

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-melanocytic nevus, i-congenital melanocytic nevi ngokuvamile inkulu ngobubanzi futhi ingaba ne-hypertrichosis (izinwele ezinde kakhulu). Uma ubukhulu budlula u-40 cm (16 in) futhi kunesici se-hypertrichosis, kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-giant hairy nevus.

I-melanocytic nevi ivame ukukhula ngokuhambisana nosayizi womzimba njengoba ingane ikhula. Izinwele ezivelele zivame ukuvela, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuthomba.

Ukusikwa ngokuhlinzwa kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokunakekela. Abaningi basuswa ngokuhlinzwa ukuze bathole ubuhle, kodwa ama-nevi amakhulu asuswa ukuze kuvinjelwe umdlavuza. I-giant congenital nevi isengozini enkulu yokuthuthukela i-malignancy, ikakhulukazi i-melanoma. Izinga lokuguqulwa liba phakathi kuka-2 % no-42 % ezincwadini.

Uma i-nevus incane, ingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa. Kodwa, uma ikhula kakhulu, kunzima ukuyisusa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokushiya isibazi.

○ Ukwelashwa
#Staged excision (congenital nevus)
☆ AI Dermatology — Free Service
Emiphumeleni ka-2022 ye-Stiftung Warentest evela eJalimane, ukwaneliseka kwabathengi nge-ModelDerm bekungaphansi kancane kunokuxhumana okukhokhelwayo kwe-telemedicine.
  • Kunzima ukususa ngokuphelele i-nevi enkulu ekhaleni uma ingasuswa ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
  • I-Congenital Nevus (Congenital nevus) (isimo esijwayelekile) ― Iqala ngamachashazi amancane ngesikhathi somntwana osanda kuzalwa, kodwa ikhula ibe nkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokombono wezokwelapha, kungcono ukususa uma kuncane.
  • Ezimeni zokubandakanyeka okubanzi, amathuba amaningi okuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba esikhathini esizayo.
  • Njengoba inomumo ongajwayelekile, kudingeka i-biopsy.
References Effective Treatment of Congenital Melanocytic Nevus and Nevus Sebaceous Using the Pinhole Method with the Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet Laser 25324667 
NIH
I‑Congenital melanocytic nevus uwuhlobo lophawu lokuzalwa oluvele ekuzalweni noma lapho esewusana. I‑Nevus sebaceous yisimo esingavamile sesikhumba esihlanganisa izimpande zezinwele ezinezinhlaka. Kulolu cwaningo, sisebenzise indlela ye‑laser ebizwa ngokuthi i‑pinhole method ene‑laser Erbium:YAG ukwelapha izilonda ze‑nevus ezigulini ezihlukahlukene.
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a melanocytic nevus that is either present at birth or appears during the latter stages of infancy. Nevus sebaceous has been described as the hamartomatous locus of an embryologically defective pilosebaceous unit. Here, we describe how we used the pinhole technique with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (erbium : YAG) laser to treat nevi lesions in different patients.
 Giant congenital melanocytic nevus 24474093 
NIH
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus uwuhlobo lwebala elimnyama lesikhumba elikhona kusukela ekuzalweni, futhi likhula libe ngaphezu kuka‑20 cm ububanzi uma umuntu esekhule ngokugcwele. Kuyivelakancane ngempela, kwenzeka ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ezingaphansi kuka‑20 000. Nakuba kuyivelakancane, kuyinto enkulu ngoba kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, njengomdlavuza wesikhumba noma kuthinta ubuchopho nezinzwa (neurocutaneous melanosis). Amathuba okuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba empilweni yakho asuka ku‑5 % kuya ku‑10 %.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis). The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%.